Window Sash Repairs
Make sure to check the sashes of your windows regularly for damage, mildew, and mold. By catching problems before they become serious you can save money on repairs in the future.
The sash is an internal frame that moves up and down vertically in windows that open. This article will demonstrate how to do a variety of simple repairs to the sash.
Weather Stripping
Wood window sashes provide an elegant look to your home and, when properly maintained, they will last for years. However, they can be damaged or deteriorate over time due to exposure to the elements and wear and tear. Fortunately, sash repair specialists can bring your windows back to their original condition and keep them looking great for longer than replacement windows.
The first step to repair sash window damage is to fix weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash as well as the frame. If it's worn or loose, out, it could cause drafts, as well as other issues. Start by identifying the window's brand and the glass manufacturer's date (etched on the glass's corner, or the aluminum spacers between panes). Then, remove the sash and mark its height and width to find new weather stripping that matches.
Then, you can remove the sash from its holder and place it on flat surfaces to allow you to see all four sides. If your sash has been double-hung, you must remove the ropes and weights that should be buried inside the jamb lining. Once you've removed the sash using a utility knife, you can use it to cut away the weather stripping from the corners, then remove it manually or with a putty knife.
Once the sash has been cleaned, you can replace the parting stops. These are long pieces of wood that separate the two sashes. Pam prefers the standard 1/2-inch by 3/4-inch window trimmings from the lumberyard. But, you can also use a scrap piece of wood.
After removing the parting stops and cutting them to the desired length, apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the bottom of the sash. Smooth out the compound using your putty knife and let it dry for at least a day. After it has fully dried and dried, apply a second coat of acrylic latex paint. This coating will protect the putty and give your sash a fresh look.
Sash Hardware
The hardware that holds the window sashes may wear out with time and use. This could result in windows or doors that is difficult to open or close. It's a good idea to know that replacing and repair of this hardware is typically simple and inexpensive. If a sash isn't easy to operate, try spraying some grease into the jamb channel and then slide it open to see if that fixes the problem. If not, the problem is likely with the sash balance and you'll have to take off the sash to access the hardware.
Ideally, window sashes must swing open and closed with very little effort, however, this can be an issue when the weights are worn or if the sash's meeting rail isn't properly glazed. This issue could be caused by a variety of things, such as lack of maintenance or by a mismatched weight rating for a particular sash.
If the hinges on the window begin to move, this could cause the sash to drag and then hit the frame in the opposite corner (Photo 1). To fix the problem make sure the sash is aligned in the frame opening and then take it off. If the sash was attached to the hinge arm, remove the hinge and replace it. (Photo 2). Install the new sash (Photo 3).
Windows that are old, especially in older homes, may be difficult to close and open due to hinges that are sagging and an overall lack of energy efficiency. In many cases just a few easy fixes can make these windows operate smoothly and save homeowners money on energy bills.
To make these repairs to sash it is important to have all of the necessary tools in place before you begin. Begin by marking the position of the hinge channel on the frame with pencil (Photo 1). This will allow you to position the channel in the right location after you've completed. Remove the sash, and then remove the hardware including the beads that separate (Photo 2) and the chains or cords that secure it. Soften any putty that has been hardened with a heat gun set to medium and equipped with a shield for the nozzle. Take off the old sash and put it in a bag with a label.
Sash Weights
Sash weights are able to be replaced to enhance the efficiency of your window sash and reduce energy costs. Sash weights are heavy lead or iron cylinders that are enclosed in a hidden cavity and attached to the movable window sash using rope. They provide counterbalance that allows the window to be opened and closed without using mechanical or electrical devices. If they fail, sashweights are often left unnoticed or disabled by homeowners.
It's not easy to retrieve a sash-weight that has fallen from the cavity, so you'll need to find one that fits properly. You will also require a new piece string, a length of sashcord and some sashpulleys to tie the weights you are replacing to the cord.
Older windows made of wood are joined with mortise and tenon joints. Hammers and pins can be used to take out the wood pegs holding the parts together. Most of these pegs have a large diameter on one side and a smaller size on the other, which is why it is crucial to take out the smaller-diameter ones first. Sashes made later in the century utilized glue instead of pegs. They can be separated by cutting through the glue line using a knife, then tapping the mortised part loose with a mallet.
Once window repair is freed and removed, you can take off the sash stop and access the weight pocket. This is usually done via an opening in the bottom of each jamb. This hole is covered by a wooden access panel that can be cut off so that you can see the inner workings of the frame.
When the sash has been shut off and the access panel is removed, you can take off the old weight and replace it. Make sure you weigh the sash prior to you do this, as the old weights may be a different size than what you require. After the new weight has been installed, thread a string through the sash pulling mechanism. Then, attach the string to your boxed frame. Leave a few inches at the head of the string for future adjustments.
Sash Cords
In most old double-hung window, a chain or cord is attached to the weights. This helps keep the sashes of the jamb level. Over time these cords can break, making it impossible to raise the window. A new sash cord can restore the ability to move the sash up and down and keep it in place when it is opened.
The first step in replacing sash cords is to locate and remove the access panels within the jambs. These are usually fixed or screwed in and must be removed or relocated. It is possible to remove them using a hammer or chisel, but it is always better to lay out dust sheets prior to starting any work.
After the access panel has been removed, you can start working on the sash. Take the narrow beads (also known as "tie rails") out of their grooves using flat bar or chisel. These are often wedged in or nailed, but they can be snipped out and it's worth your time. If the sash remains in place, pry out the mortise and the tenon joints by using pin punch and hammer or screwdriver, and then take out the wood pegs that are on each component. You should be able to move the sash back and forth freely, although it might require oil if it feels stiff.
With the sash open, measure enough sash cord/chain to reach from the pulley at the top of the jamb to the sash slot in the bottom. Cut the cord/chain and then attach it in the previous step. You can do this with a hammer, nails, or screws. However, nails are less likely than screws to cause damage.
Unless you've bought a kit that replaces the counterbalance system that was in place before, it's recommended to keep the original weights for balancing in place. They're not costly and easy to install if you buy them at architectural salvage stores. Based on the size of your window one or two sash weights might be required to keep it in an open position.